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Among secondary plant substances, POLYPHENOLS are the group showing most health indications.
Polyphenols are substantially subdivided into 2 groups: phenols and FLAVONOIDS.
The main group of flavonoids are ANTHOCYANINS.
Since they are red, they also constitute the colouring substance mainly present in the outer parts and skin of fruits.
Fruits of an intense red colour therefore have high anthocyanin content.
The total polyphenol content of elderberry mainly consists of anthocyanins.
For comparison purposes, here is a table listing fruits rich in anthocyanins and their concentration:
|
| Anthocyanins in fresh fruit
|
|
per 100 g
|
| Aronia
|
Aronia
melanocarpa
|
500 - 1050 mg |
| Bilberry
|
Vacc.
myrtillus
|
300 - 700 mg
|
| Cranberry
|
Vacc.
macrocarpon
|
60 - 170 mg
|
| Grape
|
Vitis
Vinifera
|
120 mg
|
| Blackcurrant
|
Ribes
nigrum
|
250 - 600 mg
|
| Elderberry (wild)
|
Sambucus
nigra
|
450 - 600 mg
|
| Elderberry, cultivated Haschberg variety
|
Sambucus
nigra
|
1500
mg
|
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